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Let's say you had one legit $20 and one quite good photocopy of that same $20. If someone were to attempt to spend both the real bill and the imitation one, someone who took the problem of looking at either of the invoices' serial numbers would observe that they had been exactly the same number, and consequently one of them needed to be fictitious.

This isn't a great analogy--we'll explain in more detail below. .

Once a miner has confirmed 1 MB (megabyte) worth of Bitcoin transactions, they are entitled to win the 12.5 BTC. The 1 MB limit was set by Satoshi Nakamoto, and can be a matter of controversy, as some miners think the block size should be increased to accommodate more data.

Note that I said that verifying 1 MB worth of transactions makes a miner qualified to earn Bitcoin--not everyone who verifies transactions will receive paid out.

1MB of transactions can technically be small as 1 transaction (though this is not at all common) or a few thousand. It depends on how much data the transactions take up.

In order to earn Bitcoin, you need to fulfill two conditions. One is a matter of work, one is a matter of luck.

2) You have to be the first miner to reach the right answer to some numeric issue. This process is also known as a proof of work.

The fantastic news: No advanced math or computation is involved. You may have heard that miners are solving challenging mathematical problems--that's not true in any way. What they are actually doing is trying to be the first miner to think of a 64-digit hexadecimal number (a"hash")  that is less than or equivalent to the hash.

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The bad news: Since it is guesswork, you need a good deal explanation of computing power in order to get there first. To mine , you need to have a higher"hash speed," which is measured in terms of megahashes per second (MH/s), gigahashes per second (GH/s), and terahashes per second (TH/s).

If you want to estimate just how much Bitcoin you could mine with your mining rig's hash pace, the site Cryptocompare provides a helpful calculator.

Either a GPU (graphics processing unit) miner or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) miner. These can run from $500 into the tens of thousands.  Some miners--particularly Ethereum miners--purchase individual graphics cards (GPUs) as a low-cost method to go right here cobble together mining operations.  The photograph below is a makeshift, home-made mining machine.  The cards are those rectangular cubes with whirring circles.  Note the sandwich twist-ties holding the graphics cards to the metal rod.

Example: I tell three friends that I'm thinking of a number between 1 and 100, and that I write that number on a piece of paper and seal it in an envelope. My friends don't have to guess the exact number, they simply must be the first person to figure any number that is less than or equal to this number I'm thinking of.

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Let's say I'm thinking of the number 19. If Friend A guesses 21they shed because 21>19. If Friend B supposes 16 and Friend C supposes 12, then they've both theoretically arrived at viable answers, since 16<19 and 12<19. There's no"extra credit" for Friend B, even though B's answer was closer to the target answer of 19. .

In Bitcoin terms, simultaneous answers occur frequently, but in the end of the day there can only be one winning answer. When multiple simultaneous answers are presented that are equivalent to or less than the target number, the Bitcoin network will determine by a simple majority--51%--which miner to honour. Normally, it's the miner that has done the most work, i.e.

The losing block then becomes an"orphan block" .

Now imagine I pose the"guess what number I am thinking of" question, however I am not asking only three friends, and I'm not thinking of a number between 1 and 100. Rather, I'm asking millions of would-be miners and I am thinking about a 64-digit hexadecimal number. Now you see that it is going to be extremely difficult to guess the ideal answer.

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The number preceding has 64 digits. Easy enough to understand so far. As you likely noticed, that number consists not just of numbers, but also letters of this alphabet. Why is that

In order to understand these letters are doing in the middle of numbers, let us unpack the word"hexadecimal."

As you knowwe utilize the"decimal" system, which means it is base 10. This in turn means that each and every digit has 10 possibilities, 0-9.